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What Does It Really Mean to Be a Born Again

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This article is virtually the Christian term. For other uses, meet Built-in Again.

Evangelical Christian term

Built-in again, or to feel the new nativity, is a phrase, peculiarly in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the man spirit. In contrast to i's physical birth, being "built-in again" is distinctly and separately caused past baptism in the Holy Spirit, it is not caused past baptism in water. It is a cadre doctrine of the denominations of the Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "Yous must exist born once more before you can see, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven." Their doctrines too mandate that to be both "built-in over again" and "saved", 1 must have a personal and intimate human relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [two] [3] [4] [five] [6]

In contemporary Christian usage and apart from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from like terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is existence or condign a Christian. This usage of the term is commonly linked to baptism with water and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to exist "born over again" (meaning in the "Holy Spirit") oft land that they have a "personal relationship with Jesus Christ".[vii] [5] [6]

In addition to using this phrase with those who practice not profess to exist Christians, some Evangelical Christians use the phrase and deliver those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This practice is based on the belief that non-Evangelical Christians, fifty-fifty those Christians who are professed Christians, are non "born once again" and do non accept a "personal relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should deliver to non-Evangelical Christians in the same way that they would evangelize to people who do not profess the Christian religion.

The phrase "born again" is also used as an adjective to draw private members of the movement who espouse this conventionalities, and it is besides used as an adjective to describe the move itself ("born-over again Christian" and the "born-once more movement").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting past Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an effect in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were non understood past a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you, no one tin run into the kingdom of God unless they are born again." "How can someone be built-in when they are old?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother's womb to exist built-in!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell you, no 1 can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John chapter 3, verses 3–5, NIV[8]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The word translated as again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could mean either "over again", or "from above".[9] The double entendre is a figure of speech that the gospel writer uses to create cliffhanger or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is and so antiseptic by either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes merely the literal meaning from Jesus's argument, while Jesus clarifies that he ways more of a spiritual rebirth from in a higher place. English translations have to pick one sense of the phrase or another; the NIV, King James Version, and Revised Version use "built-in once again", while the New Revised Standard Version[10] and the New English Translation[11] prefer the "born from above" translation.[12] Most versions will note the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "built-in from in a higher place" is to be preferred every bit the fundamental meaning and he drew attention to phrases such as "birth of the Spirit",[13] "birth from God",[14] but maintains that this necessarily carries with it an emphasis upon the newness of the life as given by God himself.[15]

The concluding use of the phrase occurs in the First Epistle of Peter, rendered in the Male monarch James Version as:

Seeing ye accept purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned dear of the brethren, [run into that ye] love 1 another with a pure eye fervently: / Being born once again, non of corruptible seed, only of incorruptible, past the give-and-take of God, which liveth and abideth for e'er.

—1 Peter 1:22-23[16]

Here, the Greek give-and-take translated as "born over again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish understanding of the promise of salvation is interpreted as existence rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, physical lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in mistake—that every person must have two births—natural birth of the concrete body and another of the h2o and the spirit.[18] This soapbox with Nicodemus established the Christian belief that all human beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must be "born once again" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Apostle Peter farther reinforced this understanding in ane Peter 1:23.[19] [17] The Catholic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the primitive church over the interpretation of the expression the seed of Abraham. It is [the Campaigner Paul's] instruction in one instance that all who are Christ's past faith are Abraham's seed, and heirs according to promise. He is concerned, notwithstanding, with the fact that the promise is not being fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective modify wrought in the soul by the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such as new birth, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the listen, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to light.[21]

Jesus used the "birth" analogy in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine offset. Contemporary Christian theologians take provided explanations for "born from to a higher place" being a more accurate translation of the original Greek discussion transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites two reasons why the newer translation is significant:

  1. The emphasis "from above" (implying "from Sky") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the word "once again" does non include the source of the new kind of get-go;
  2. More than than personal improvement is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must be from God."[23]

An early case of the term in its more modern use appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Birth he writes, "none can be holy unless he be built-in again", and "except he be born again, none tin can exist happy even in this world. For ... a human should not exist happy who is not holy." Also, "I say, [a man] may be born again and and so become an heir of salvation." Wesley likewise states infants who are baptized are built-in again, simply for adults information technology is different:

our church building supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same fourth dimension born over again. ... But ... it is certain all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the same time born again.[24]

A Unitarian work called The Gospel Ballast noted in the 1830s that the phrase was not mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "It was not regarded by whatsoever of the Evangelists but John of sufficient importance to tape." It adds that without John, "we should inappreciably have known that it was necessary for one to exist born again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to employ to Nicodemus peculiarly, and non to the world."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to ascertain how closely the stories of Jesus match the historical events they are based on, mostly treat Jesus's chat with Nicodemus in John three with skepticism. It details what is presumably a private conversation betwixt Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making it unclear how a record of this conversation was caused. In addition, the chat is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger effect is that the same problem English language translations of the Bible have with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a problem in the Aramaic linguistic communication too: there is no single give-and-take in Aramaic that ways both "again" and "from above", even so the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] Every bit the conversation was between 2 Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, there is no reason to think that they'd accept spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that even if based on a real chat, the writer of John heavily modified it to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Organized religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a born-again question on three occasions ... 'Would yous say you have been 'built-in again' or have had a 'built-in-again' experience?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, black, and Latino Protestants tend to respond similarly, with about two-thirds of each group answering in the affirmative. In contrast, only virtually one tertiary of mainline Protestants and one sixth of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) claim a built-in-once more experience." Even so, the handbook suggests that "born-once more questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... information technology is likely that people who report a born-again feel also merits it as an identity."[28]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted by the early church fathers as a reference to baptism.[29] Modern Cosmic interpreters take noted that the phrase 'born from higher up' or 'built-in over again'[xxx] is clarified as 'being born of water and Spirit'.[31]

Cosmic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the commencement of this new life, are said to come about ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of water and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early Church regarded as taking place through baptism."[32]

The Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "declaration of the Word, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of religion, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and access to Eucharistic communion."[33] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new creature and an adopted son of God;[34] it incorporates them into the Body of Christ[35] and creates a sacramental bond of unity leaving an indelible marker on our souls.[36] "Incorporated into Christ past Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the enduring spiritual mark (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, even if sin prevents Baptism from begetting the fruits of salvation. Given once for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[37] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the move of grace. "The first piece of work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved by grace, human being turns toward God and abroad from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on high."[38]

The Catholic Church besides teaches that under special circumstances the need for water baptism tin exist superseded past the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of want', such as when catechumens die or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[39]

Pope John Paul Ii wrote in Catechesi Tradendae about "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come up for catechesis in the parish without receiving any other initiation into the organized religion and still without whatever explicit personal attachment to Jesus Christ.".[twoscore] He noted that "beingness a Christian means saying 'yep' to Jesus Christ, only permit united states of america remember that this 'yeah' has 2 levels: It consists of surrendering to the word of God and relying on it, just it too means, at a after phase, endeavoring to know better—and better the profound meaning of this discussion."[41]

The modern expression being "born again" is really most the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the U.s.a. Conference of Cosmic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the acceptance of a personal relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to conform one's life to his."[42] To put it more simply "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine delivery to him and a personal decision to follow him as his disciple."[42]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul II, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required past our mod earth called the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church building herself, to the baptized who were never finer evangelized before, to those who have never made a personal commitment to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed past the values of the secular culture, to those who take lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[43]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men'south Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Military Gild of Malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal encounter with Jesus Christ as a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-again experience is non just an emotional, mystical high; the really important matter is what happened in the convert's life after the moment or menstruum of radical change."[44]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church holds that "we are cleansed of our sins and built-in again and renewed in Holy Baptism past the Holy Ghost. But she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The Onetime Adam so that daily a new man come along and ascend who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins later on his baptism has again lost the grace of baptism."[45]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Birth, the Moravian Church holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a joyful experience, in which the private "accepts Christ equally Lord" after which organized religion "daily grows within the person."[46] For Moravians, "Christ lived as a human because he wanted to provide a design for future generations" and "a converted person could try to live in his paradigm and daily go more like Jesus."[46] Equally such, "center religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[46] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, especially missionary work, to spread the faith.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born again is mentioned in the 39 Manufactures of the Anglican Church building in article Xv, entitled "Of Christ alone without Sin". In part, information technology reads: "sin, as S. John saith, was not in Him. But all nosotros the balance, although baptized and born once again in Christ, nevertheless offend in many things: and if nosotros say nosotros have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is non in us."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and built-in again in Christ" occurs in Article XV, the reference is clearly to the scripture passage in John three:three.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of one's regeneration, which is of comfort to the believer.[50] The fourth dimension of one's regeneration, however, is a mystery to oneself according to the Canons of Dort.[50]

According to the Reformed churches being born again refers to "the inward working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to respond to the effectual call". According to the Westminster Shorter Canon, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to u.s. the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the word, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the work of God'southward Spirit, whereby, convincing u.s. of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable us to embrace Jesus Christ, freely offered to us in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes faith."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole crusade of regeneration or being built-in again is the volition of God. God first sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and only in consequence of that practice nosotros act. Therefore, the individual is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God will do. Regeneration is a alter wrought in us by God, not an autonomous deed performed by united states for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Fundamental Yearly Coming together of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine piece of work of initial conservancy (Tit. 3:5), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. 5:xviii) and adoption (Rom. 8:15, sixteen)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Birth], there is a "transformation in the heart of the believer wherein he finds himself a new creation in Christ (II Cor. v:17; Col. i:27)."[3]

Following the New Birth, George Fox taught the possibility of "holiness of heart and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new birth" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new birth is necessary for salvation because it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Birth "is that great alter which God works in the soul when he brings it into life, when he raises it from the death of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [1] In the life of a Christian, the new birth is considered the offset work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Manufactures of Faith, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new nascency."[60] The Methodist Visitor in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must exist born once more.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you. Admit Him to your middle. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and chiliad shalt be saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains 2 phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these two phases of the new nascence occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two split up and distinct acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial act of God whereby a soul is granted complete absolution from all guilt and a total release from the penalization of sin (Romans 3:23-25). This human action of divine grace is wrought by faith in the merits of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans v:1). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral grapheme of human, from the love and life of sin to the love of God and the life of righteousness (2 Corinthians five:17; 1 Peter one:23). ―Principles of Faith, Emmanuel Clan of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that a "person is built-in once again when he/she repents of his/her sins and asks Jesus to forgive him/her and trust Jesus to serve him/her."[64] Those who accept been born again, co-ordinate to Baptist teaching, know that they are "a child of God because the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. assurance).[64]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost past Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Die Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (starting time work of grace), entire sanctification (second work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced by glossolalia, equally the 3rd work of grace.[65] [66] The New Birth, according to Pentecostal teaching, imparts "spiritual life".[4]

Jehovah'south Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah'due south Witnesses believe that individuals do not take the power to cull to be born again, only that God calls and selects his followers "from above".[67] Only those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to be born again.[68] [69]

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-twenty-four hour period Saints [edit]

The Volume of Mormon emphasizes the need for everyone to be reborn of God.[70]

Disagreements between denominations [edit]

The term "built-in again" is used by several Christian denominations, but there are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to be built-in-again Christians.

Catholic Answers says:

Catholics should inquire [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are you built-in again—the way the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has not been properly h2o baptized, he has not been built-in again "the Bible way," regardless of what he may think.[71]

On the other mitt, an Evangelical site argues:

Another of many examples is the Catholic who claims he also is "born once more." ... However, what the committed Cosmic means is that he received his spiritual nativity when he was baptized—either as an baby or when as an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's not what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must exist born again."[72] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which take different meanings for Catholics has become an effective tool in Rome'due south ecumenical calendar.[73]

The Reformed view of regeneration may be set apart from other outlooks in at least two means.

Start, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known as baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may take identify at any time in a person'due south life, even in the womb. Information technology is non somehow the automatic consequence of baptism. Second, it is common for many other evangelical branches of the church to speak of repentance and faith leading to regeneration (i.e., people are born again only after they exercise saving faith). By contrast, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and total depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to practice saving organized religion. ... Regeneration is entirely the work of God the Holy Spirit - we can do nothing on our own to obtain it. God solitary raises the elect from spiritual decease to new life in Christ.[74] [75]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used various metaphors to describe its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism past the ability of the h2o and the spirit. This remains the common agreement in most of Christendom, held, for example, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[45] Anglicanism,[76] and in other historic branches of Protestantism. However, sometime after the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression born once more [77] as an experience of religious conversion,[78] symbolized past deep-water baptism, and rooted in a commitment to i's own personal organized religion in Jesus Christ for conservancy. This same conventionalities is, historically, also an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[79] [80] and is connected with the doctrine of Justification.[81]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has oft been identified with a definite, temporally datable form of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, it leads to an activation of the capabilities for understanding, to the quantum of a "vision". With others it leads to the discovery of an unexpected beauty in the order of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious meaning of history. With still others information technology leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of love of neighbour. ... each person affected perceives his life in Christ at whatever given time as "newness of life."[82]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Born again is a phrase used by many Protestants to depict the phenomenon of gaining faith in Jesus Christ. It is an experience when everything they have been taught as Christians becomes real, and they develop a straight and personal relationship with God.[83]

According to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to be judgmental, making a distinction between 18-carat and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, like the distinction between liberal and bourgeois Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems historic, like the division between Cosmic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] unremarkably includes the notion of human selection in salvation and excludes a view of divine election by grace alone.[84]

The term born over again has go widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the late 1960s, start in the United States and then around the world. Associated perhaps initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, built-in again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in social club to exist saved from hell and given eternal life with God in heaven, and was increasingly used as a term to identify devout believers.[12] By the mid-1970s, born again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media every bit part of the born again movement.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson'southward book Born Once more gained international detect. Time magazine named him "One of the 25 nigh influential Evangelicals in America."[85] The term was sufficiently prevalent so that during the twelvemonth'south presidential campaign, Democratic party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself every bit "built-in again" in the outset Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a meaning role in solidifying the "born again" identity as a cultural construct in the Usa. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to have a "personal encounter with God." He recalls:

while I sat alone staring at the bounding main I love, words I had not been certain I could understand or say fell from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in You. I accept You. Please come into my life. I commit it to You." With these few words...came a sureness of listen that matched the depth of feeling in my middle. There came something more: strength and serenity, a wonderful new assurance about life, a fresh perception of myself in the world around me.[86]

Jimmy Carter was the outset President of the United States to publicly declare that he was built-in-once again, in 1976.[87] By the 1980 campaign, all three major candidates stated that they had been born once again.[88]

Sider and Knippers[89] state that "Ronald Reagan's election that fall [was] aided by the votes of 61% of 'born-again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.S. adults said they were born-again or evangelical; the 2004 percentage is 41%" and that, "Black Americans are far more probable to identify themselves equally born-again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks saying they are built-in-again, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more than likely to say they are born-once again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[xc]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'born-again' identification is associated with lower support for government anti-poverty programs." Information technology also notes that "self-reported born-again" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economic policy."[91]

Names which have been inspired by the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[92] some mutual European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croatian Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "born again".[93]

See also [edit]

  • Chantry phone call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held past major Christian denomination
  • Born-again virgin – Person who commits to abstinence after having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Act of consecration of children
  • Jesus movement – Sometime evangelical Christian motility
  • Dvija – Twice-born status of Hindu male after Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to any prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Religion. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved x April 2014. The new birth is necessary for salvation because it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. L. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Manual of Faith and Do of Central Yearly Meeting of Friends. Central Yearly Meeting of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Wood, William W. (1965). Culture and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Organized religion. Mouton & Company. p. 18. ISBN978-3-11-204424-vii.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of development: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economic science in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. A senior staff member in World Vision'due south California office elaborated on the importance of being "born once more," emphasizing a central "relationship" between individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal human relationship with Christ [is] that it's not simply a matter of going to Christ or being baptized when you are an infant. We believe that people demand to be regenerated. They demand a spiritual rebirth. The need to be born over again. ...You must be born again before yous can run into, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the stardom of a born once more believer is a personal feel of God that leads to a personal relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Toll, Robert K. (1993). Beyond Born Again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Press. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. I have a personal human relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John 3:iii-5
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick W., et al, A Greek-English Dictionary of the New Attestation and Other Early Christian Literature, third ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically come across the showtime (from higher up) and quaternary (again, anew) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn three:3 NET
  11. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn 1:5
  14. ^ cf. Jn 1:12-13; 1Jn ii:29, three:ix, 4:seven, five:xviii
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.Due north.(ed), The Fourth Gospel, Faber & Faber 2nd ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter ane:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Away the Veil: To Meet Across the Drape of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Dictionary. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-8.
  19. ^ 1Peter one:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Promise (in Scripture)". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Visitor, 1911. 15 November 2009.[1]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Volume III - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Lexicon. 30 July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Woman in the World of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-6
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel ballast. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [2]
  26. ^ a b c Ehrman, Bart (2016). Jesus Earlier the Gospels: How the Earliest Christians Remembered, Changed, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior. HarperOne. pp. 108–109. ISBN978-0062285201.
  27. ^ "Biblical Errancy: The "Born Once more" Dialogue In the Gospel of John". Biblical Errancy . Retrieved eleven September 2019.
  28. ^ The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, OUP, p16.
  29. ^ Joel C. Elworthy, Ed. Aboriginal Christian Commentary on Scripture, New Attestation IVa, John one-ten (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 2007), p. 109-110
  30. ^ John three:iii
  31. ^ John 3:5
  32. ^ John F. McHugh, John one-iv, The International Critical Commentary (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), p. 227
  33. ^ CCC 1229
  34. ^ 2 Corinthians 5:17; ii Peter one:4
  35. ^ Ephesians 4:25
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External links [edit]

  • The New Birth, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley's teaching on beingness born again, and argument that it is fundamental to Christianity.

overstreettherreck.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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